Observation Paper Essay

On Wednesday July second, 2014 I visited Wiley Mildred Family Day care focus to watch a gathering of kids that I have never met at a house I have never been to. During my time that I spent at Wiley Mildred I watched a gathering of kids interfacing with one another just as the parental figures as they were having their outside benefits. As I led my perception I considered children’s activities and saw the rehearsing of the Sociocultural Theory, the Social Learning Theory, the Cognitive Theory, and the Psychoanalytic Theory. Every one of these hypotheses had the option to be seen through activities this is because of their condition around them and the exercises they were occupied with. The perception showed me how noteworthy an activity can be for a creating kid and how significant it is for a kid in a consideration community to be intellectually and truly animated. Wiley Mildred is a normal family home in a calm local location in Victorville, CA. After showing up at the house I saw the foundation had entryways isolating the front-yard and lawn that were safely bolted and infant verification. As I rang the entryway chime I was welcomed into the house with grins and warm welcome. The chief of the offices name is Gloria, a Latina lady with an extremely thick highlight; she had an associate whose name was not given. Immediately I was taken to the back-yard as it was â€Å"recess time.† Gloria’s patio was exceptionally open and enormous it contained a verdant zone, a woodchip region and a solid zone too, in every region diverse toys and materials were being used. In the green zone there were two littler slides, little seats, and many toys that kids must utilize their fine engine aptitudes to work. In the woodchip territory there were bigger structures; my most loved was the seesaw looking like a plane that fit a sum of six kids. There were three diverse play structures of moderate sizes, some with slides and some with stages to climb and remain on; all requiring a child’s net engine abilities to work. The solid zone had different little seesaws, alongside two carousels, a girl’s play house, and three tricycles. The kids at the day care were shockingly of allâ different ages, going from age one and an a large portion of right to age eight; the most widely recognized age of the youngsters was age four. I saw that on a little table all the youngsters had their own particular cup and were totally given a lot of water all through play time and they drank it enthusiastically. Gloria disclosed to me that she just let’s them drink water, particularly during outside time when it’s so hot and they have to remain hydrated. Gloria had an extremely open lawn, no territory being to isolated from each other, this made it exceptionally easy for all the kids to play together, all being invigorated at the same time; regardless of what their age, sex, or race were they all associated with recess. As all the youngsters were playing Gloria and the associate continually were conve rsing with every one of them, playing learning games, for example, speculating hues and shapes; they likewise utilized both English and Spanish when conversing with all the kids, not simply the ones that definitely knew Spanish. During my perception, I traveled to the restroom so I could get a check out the house and to perceive what the sanitation and security of the office resembled. As I strolled through the house I saw how amazingly clean the house was, and the restroom was similarly as spotless too. Every potty preparing kid carried their own latrine coach seat with them consistently to guarantee neatness, and the infants in diapers were constantly changed in a particular room. On my stroll back to the lawn I inspected that each door handle, bureau, cabinet and power plug were totally infant verification. In the wake of finishing my perception, my own decision on Wiley Mildred Family Day care focus was more than positive; it was a very sustaining condition for the offspring of any age to handles that a kid should consistently be protected, clean, and animated when under the watchful eye of others. I started my perception with seven children and during the time it arrived at finished with an aggregate of twelve children. Every kid was one of a kind in their own specific manner yet totally had similitudes also. A couple of the youngsters could be gathered with an a lot bigger class since they had the angles for a specific hypothesis. The principal hypothesis I notice could be applied was the Psychoanalytic hypothesis; the possibility that an individual’s activities and activities get from oblivious tendencies. I watched a young man around the age of two taking a gander at a winged creature that had arrived at the highest point of the door, from the outset he appeared to be intrepid yet as the fowl took off it terrified him and he intuitively clung to the guardians leg. This identifies with the psychoanalytic hypothesis in light of the fact that whenâ frightened he indiscreetly took hold of a grown-up he is alright with, this can imply that discovers security in grown-ups or was frightened a lot as a baby making him more hesitant and apprehensive than other youngsters. Next, I watched the Socia l Learning Theory being put to utilize; the idea that conduct is found out by the conduct of others. For this hypothesis I viewed the most youthful youngster which was about eighteen months old. At the point when she was advised to go down the slide she was modest and reluctant in any case, resulting to viewing a more established kid go down the slide with delight, she went on the slide and endured to go on the slide more than once. This grips the idea of the Social Learning Theory for the explanation that without seeing the young man go down the slide to realize that it was secure and charming the young lady would of in no way, shape or form went, she took in the idea of going down the slide from another individual and aced the expertise by and by. The Sociocultural Theory manages the development and supporting of kids through societies and social orders. The parental figure as clarified had a substantial highlight and was more OK with Spanish than English; Gloria looked out for Latin-American kids just as African-American youngsters, and she communicated in Spanish to the them two. This is a case of the Sociocultural hypothesis in light of the fact that in spite of the fact that the African-American youngsters were clearly not conversant in Spanish they were being occupied with dialects and societies of another nation, and the most seasoned of the African-American kids even needed to learn increasingly Spanish . The last hypothesis I watched was the Cognitive Theory, the suggestion that idea strategies are compelling loads on an individual’s disposition. As the flying creatures were roosted wavering in the back yard another little youngster around the age of three was gazing strongly, not certain precisely what it was she was taking a gander at. With the guide of the guardian utilizing absorption and consoling her that is was a flying creature, the kid was building â€Å"schemas† in her mind so harmony can happen. As the flying creature left and returned quickly the youngster was blissful and rehashing, â€Å"Bird!† A part of the intellectual hypothesis is the child’s procedure of gaining some new useful knowledge and acing another ability with the assistance of digestion. Every kid all through their improvement can be a piece of any of these speculations; watching kids genuinely shows what amount can be watched and learned in such brief period. Because of the way that I watched the offspring of Wiley Mildred Family Day Care Center during their outside time I had the option to watch different formative suitable exercises for the explanation that recess is the point at which the kids apply their creating abilities the most. The kids fascinated themselves in different creating exercises, some managed their fine engine aptitudes, some included their gross engine abilities, and different exercises managed coordination and intellectual turn of events. The gross engine aptitudes required exercises were the least demanding to watch and record, for example, utilizing the seesaw, going down the slide, hustling, scaling the play structures, playing ball, turning each other on the carousel, and riding the tricycle. Exercises identifying with net engine abilities were the biggest to be watched for the most part in light of the fact that during dynamic play kids draw in themselves in progressively energetic doings, which by and large a rrangements with bigger, entire body muscle commitment instead of minor muscle use. I at that point searched for fine engine ability related exercises; in spite of the fact that they were less to see contrasted with net engine aptitudes I observed them. I saw a little youngster getting little shakes about the size of a ping pong ball, and moving them to the opposite side of the yard, young ladies played patty cake with the executives right hand; appreciating when they needed to connect with their hands during the time spent â€Å"baking a cake.† The most entertaining utilization of fine engine aptitudes I watched, was a young man attempting to blow bubbles, he was unable to hold the stick and continued dropping it and getting it consistently until with absorption from the chief he figured out how to hold the handle and not the end you blow rises with. The last perceptions I made managed coordination and intellectual development, the more youthful kids played a game that necessary them to coordinate a creature sound with the specific creature this managed their coordination as they are figuring out how to coordinate one article with its comparing sound. Pretending is an indication of subjective development; it shows the kid turning out to be mindful as well as gives them understanding that not every person thinks and acts precisely as they do themselves. Outside play time engages youngsters as well as is a prime second in an ideal opportunity for the achieving of essential aptitudes kids will keep on utilizing for an incredible remainder. In the wake of leading my perception and setting aside effort to think about and research what I saw I can obviously say that I have learned direct that aâ child is a delicate and celestial production of their own and on the off chance that they isn't given the important improvement, consolation and essential precautionary measures a

Some Tips on Using NSF Grfp Essay Samples

Some Tips on Using NSF Grfp Essay SamplesIf you need help writing your NSF Grfp Essay sample, you've come to the right place. There are many people who have a great deal of difficulty in expressing themselves clearly in the first place. If you're one of these people, I want to show you some things you can do to help clear up your thoughts and let your ideas flow.First, writing down what you're trying to say is an important element of success. The more you talk about the subject, the better chance you'll have of putting your thoughts into words. What I mean by this is that if you try to think about the topic for the long term, you won't come up with great ideas. Instead, try thinking about the topic in short bursts. You'll see a lot more clarity and help yourself to come up with good sentences.Next, keep it simple: don't let too many ideas build up in your head when writing your essay. Think of your essay as an outline; this way, you can take all the parts you've written and break the m down into smaller pieces. You can then take each of those smaller pieces and compose them into a logical sentence. The best thing about it is that you get to write down your essay without actually having to write it. With a great outline, you don't have to be distracted by all the other aspects of the essay.When you take all the work out of writing your NSF Grfp Essay, you will become more effective and efficient. You'll be able to focus more on the essay itself, and you'll create a much better ending to it. Because of this, your essay will become far more thought-provoking.Don't let NSF Grfp Essay samples are completely devoid of creativity. Make sure that you incorporate enough creative elements so that it doesn't seem like a bland piece of writing. Some common ones include using pictures in motion. Use everything from still life to action scenes to really bring out the creativity.Also, make sure that you really communicate with your examples. If you use them in a particularly c onfusing manner, be sure to explain the differences between what you're explaining and what you're showing. You should also have some clear indications of how things should be done. This doesn't have to be done with images, but with diagrams in motion.When it comes to using them in your essay, you should also be careful about the things you write. Keep in mind that not every person will understand your examples the same way. Letting them be your guide in the proper way to write your essay will make it a lot easier to clear up any confusion.Writing with NSF Grfp Essay samples can be tricky, especially if you've never done this before. However, when you make it your goal to be better at writing, I believe you'll find that this is something that you can really improve upon.

Free Essays on Mechanical Ventilator Weaning

The examination article I discovered contained data about ventilator weaning results in newborn children and youngsters. The exploration configuration was quantitative, utilizing a randomized controlled preliminary. The example comprised of one hundred eighty-two precipitously breathing youngsters under eighteen years of age, who had been accepting ventilator support for over 24 hours and who bombed a test for extubation preparation on negligible weight support. The exploration was led in the pediatric escalated care units of 10 children’s medical clinics across North America from November 1999 through April 2001. The Purpose of this examination was to assess in the case of weaning conventions are more successful than standard consideration with no characterized convention and whether a volume bolster weaning convention utilizing consistent robotized alteration of weight support by the ventilator (VSV) is more compelling than manual modification of weight support by clinicians. The estimations used to check extubation availability included â€Å"checking for unconstrained respiratory exertion, having a muffle reflex or hack with suctioning, pH of 7.32 to 7.47 on latest blood gas investigation, positive end expiratory weight (PEEP) of 7 cm H2o or lower, and part of motivated oxygen (Floz) of 0.6 or less† (Randolph,et al,pg.3). The extubation preparation test (ERT) comprised of changing the F2 to 0.5 and diminishing PEEP to 5cm H20. With both setting changes, the spo2 needed to remain above 95%. This was estimated utilizing a heartbeat oximetry perusing. The patients unfit to keep up spo2 of 95% or more prominent were expelled from the test. The individuals who maintained spo2 at 95%v or above had their ventilator mode changed to PSV and were put on negligible PSV. Breathed out tidal volumes were estimated at the ETT utilizing a CO2SMO Plus screen with sensors. (Novametrix Medical Systems, Inc.) I think the estimations that were utilized in the investigation are dependable and viable. It is proper to screen spo2 levels and breathed out tidal volumes... Free Essays on Mechanical Ventilator Weaning Free Essays on Mechanical Ventilator Weaning The exploration article I discovered contained data about ventilator weaning results in newborn children and kids. The examination configuration was quantitative, utilizing a randomized controlled preliminary. The example comprised of one hundred eighty-two precipitously breathing kids under eighteen years of age, who had been accepting ventilator support for over 24 hours and who bombed a test for extubation status on insignificant weight support. The examination was led in the pediatric serious consideration units of 10 children’s emergency clinics across North America from November 1999 through April 2001. The Purpose of this examination was to assess in the case of weaning conventions are more compelling than standard consideration with no characterized convention and whether a volume bolster weaning convention utilizing ceaseless mechanized alteration of weight support by the ventilator (VSV) is more powerful than manual modification of weight support by clinicians. The estimations used to confirm extubation availability included â€Å"checking for unconstrained respiratory exertion, having a muffle reflex or hack with suctioning, pH of 7.32 to 7.47 on latest blood gas investigation, positive end expiratory weight (PEEP) of 7 cm H2o or lower, and division of enlivened oxygen (Floz) of 0.6 or less† (Randolph,et al,pg.3). The extubation availability test (ERT) comprised of changing the F2 to 0.5 and diminishing PEEP to 5cm H20. With both setting modifications, the spo2 needed to remain above 95%. This was estimated utilizing a heartbeat oximetry perusing. The patients incapable to keep up spo2 of 95% or more prominent were expelled from the test. The individuals who maintained spo2 at 95%v or above had their ventilator mode changed to PSV and were put on insignificant PSV. Breathed out tidal volumes were estimated at the ETT utilizing a CO2SMO Plus screen with sensors. (Novametrix Medical Systems, Inc.) I think the estimations that were utilized in the examination are solid and powerful. It is proper to screen spo2 levels and breathed out tidal volumes...

Saudi Arabid Driving Ban Research Assignment Paper - 275 Words

Saudi Arabid Driving Ban Research Assignment Paper (Essay Sample) Content: Saudi Arabia Driving BanNameTutorCollegeSubjectDateSaudi Arabia is famously known for its oil products; probably the main exporter of petroleum products. As a matter of fact, it possesses 18% of worlds oil reserves. With the control of the worlds most valuable product, the country remains one the centre of attraction across the world. Every little drama is brought to light as a result. For instance, the world has painted the country the home of terror attacks and one that keenly observes the Muslim faith. In fact, religion is part and parcel of Saudi Arabian culture. The latest event about the ban on female drivers which led to two women being referred to terror court for driving in Saudi Arabia has attracted a lot attention from various stakeholders globally. Due to strict observance of religion, Saudi Arabia has recently banned all women from driving across the country. The ban has been received with a number of critics across the world, especially the non-Muslim cu ltures. The issue has seriously been criticized with activists across the world condemning the move as a move against womens rights and right to equality. I come from Saudi Arabia though have been living here in U.S. Like any other Muslim, I observe my culture and faith. Most people dont understand our culture and mistake our countrys laws for oppression for women and as laws that do not advocate for equality. However, the truth is different.The idea behind the ban on female drivers is mainly for protection. The Muslim culture protects the well fare of women at a higher degree than other cultures. The fact that a car can break at any time gives us the mandate to safe guard our women at those circumstances. Women are vulnerable to rape and such other risks such as traumatic stress in case of any misfortunes. However, Im still not happy about the detaining of the two female for defying ban simply because I think the way the case is handled is a bit harsh. According to CNN, it should b e noted that the women were referred...

The Vb.Net Sender and e Event Parameters

In VB6, an event subroutine, like Button1_Click, was much less complicated because the system called the subroutine strictly by name. If a Button1_Click event existed, the system called it. Its direct and straightforward. But in VB.NET, there are two major upgrades that make VB.NET SOOPercharged (thats OOP for Object Oriented Programming). The Handles clause controls whether the system calls the subroutine, not the name.The sender and e parameters are passed to the subroutine. Use of Parameters Lets look at a simple example to see the difference that parameters make in VB.NET. Private Sub Button1_Click( ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs ) Handles Button1.Click Your code goes hereEnd Sub Event subroutines always receive a sender object and a system EventArgs parameter e. Because the EventArgs parameter is an object, it supports whatever properties and methods are necessary. For example, the old VB6 MouseMove event subroutine used to receive four parameters: Button As IntegerShift As IntegerX As SingleY As Single When more advanced mice came out with more buttons, VB6 had a real problem supporting them. VB.NET only passes one MouseEventArgs parameter but it supports a lot more properties and methods. And each of them are objects that support even more. For example, the e.Button property contains all these properties: LeftMiddleRightNoneXButton1XButton2 If someone invents a trancendental mouse with a virtual button, VB.NET will only have to update the .NET Framework to support it and no previous code will break as a result. There are a number of .NET technologies that absolutely depend on these parameters. For example, since your PC usually only has a single screen to display graphics, your code has to merge the graphics it creates into the same image used by Windows. For that reason, a single graphics object has to be shared. The major way that your code is able to use that graphics object is to use the e parameter that is passed to the OnPaint event with the PaintEventArgs object. Protected Overrides Sub OnPaint( ByVal e As System.Windows.Forms.PaintEventArgs) Dim g As Graphics e.Graphics Other Examples What else can you do with these parameters? To illustrate, suppose you want to find whether a string, perhaps something you entered into a Textbox, exists in any one of a collection of other Textboxes when you click on one. You could code a few dozen virtually identical subroutines for each Textbox: If TextBox42.Text.IndexOf( SearchString.Text) -1 Then NotFound.Text Not Found But its a lot easier to code just one and let it handle all of them. The sender parameter will reveal which Textbox was clicked. Private Sub FindIt( ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs ) Handles TextBox1.Enter, TextBox2.Enter, . . . and on and on . . . TextBox42.Enter Dim myTextbox As TextBox myTextbox sender Dim IndexChar As Integer myTextbox.Text.IndexOf( SearchString.Text) If IndexChar -1 Then _ NotFound.Text Not Found _ Else _ NotFound.Text Found It! End Sub Recently, a programmer asked me for a better way to delete the line that was clicked in any of six specified lists. He had it working in a couple of dozen lines of code that simply confused me. But using sender, it was really quite simple: Private Sub ListBox_Click( ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs ) Handles ListBox1.Click, ListBox2.Click Dim myListBox As New ListBox myListBox sender myListBox.Items.RemoveAt(myListBox.SelectedIndex)End Sub One more example to nail down the point is a question that was sent in by Pierre in Belgium. Pierre was testing the equality of Button1 and sender using the Is operator for objects: If sender Is Button1 Then ... This is syntactically correct because sender and Button1 are both objects that can be referenced. And since sender really is identical with Button1, why doesnt it work? The answer depends on a keyword that is found a little earlier in the statement. First, lets check the Microsoft documentation for the Is operator. Visual Basic compares two object reference variables with the Is Operator. This operator determines if two reference variables refer to the same object instance. Notice that sender is passed ByVal. That means that a copy of Button1 is passed, not the actual object itself. So when Pierre tests to see if sender and Button1 are the same instance, the result is False. To test whether Button1 or Button2 has been clicked, you have to turn sender into an actual Button object and then test a property of that object. Text is usually used, but you could test a value in Tag or even the Location property. This code works: Dim myButton As ButtonmyButton senderIf myButton.Text Button1 Then

Drugs and behavior today chapter 1 quiz Essay - 990 Words

TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1: DRUGS AND BEHAVIOR TODAY................................................................................ 1 Discussion questions and assignments 1 Lecture outline for Chapter 1 3 Video suggestions 7 Essay questions 8 True/false questions 9 Multiple choice questions 13 CHAPTER 2: DRUG-TAKING BEHAVIOR: THE PERSONAL AND SOCIAL CONCERNS.............. 27 Discussion questions and assignments 27 Lecture outline for Chapter 2 28 Video suggestions 32 Essay questions 33 True/false questions 34 Multiple choice questions 38 CHAPTER 3: HOW DRUGS WORK IN THE BODY AND ON†¦show more content†¦348 Discussion questions and assignments 348 Lecture outline for Chapter 13 349 Video suggestions 352 Essay questions 353 True/false questions 354 Multiple choice questions 359 CHAPTER 14: PRESCRIPTION DRUGS, OVER-THE-COUNTER DRUGS, AND DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS................................................................................................................................. 378 Discussion questions and assignments 378 Lecture outline for Chapter 14 379 Video suggestions 382 ` Essay questions 383 True/false questions 384 Multiple choice questions 388 CHAPTER 15: DRUGS FOR TREATING SCHIZOPHRENIA AND MOOD DISORDERS†¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 393 Discussion questions and assignments 393 Lecture outline for Chapter 15 394 Video suggestions 395 Essay questions 398 True/false questions 399 Multiple choice questions 403 CHAPTER 16: SUBSTANCE-ABUSE PREVENTION........................................................................ 418 Discussion questions and assignments 418 Lecture outline for Chapter 16 419 Video suggestions 423 Essay questions 424 True/false questions 425 Multiple choice questions 430 CHAPTER 17: SUBSTANCE-ABUSE TREATMENT: STRATEGIES FORShow MoreRelatedHapter 2 - Powerpoint Presentation Development (Optional)3442 Words   |  14 PagesCHAPTER 2 - PowerPoint Presentation Development (Optional) 1. 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Report On Performance Management At Heinz Australia Solution

Question: Describe about the Report on Performance Management at Heinz Australia. Answer: Introduction: In this report I would like to outline the main agendas and recommendations for Heinz Australia that they can use and implement. I will critically analyze the prevailing situation of the company using HRM theories and also outlining the HR framework and strategic management. We will also analyze how an effective performance management can be utilized as in the favor of an organization. For several decades Performance Management has been utilized as a prime tool to improve efficiency of an organization. The main purpose to implement Performance Management is to align the organizational goal with the annually designed objectives of individual employees. This is done to achieve the organizational objectives as well as everyone is aware of the fact that what they are suppose to do and what company is expecting form them. Moreover employees also get rewarded for good performance (Boswell, 2000). Performance management has been implemented by the organization n accordance to their needs and requirements but it has never been implemented twice in the same way. But abstraction of Performance management about its exact nature and meaning had a thankless preoccupation among HR experts. Performance Management has a variety of utilization which is a positive sign as well. An organization is most likely to fail if its business goal, culture, structure and processes differ from Performance Management goals. It is important that performance Management becomes a natural part of an organization so that it is not remained as just a paper work and a bureaucratic system. It is usually avoided by the employees as it is seen as an interruption in their real work or routine. In a general understanding the line managers should own Performance management system as a mainstream tool which forms the management system to motivate and monitor their team to be more efficient. But yet sometimes Performance Management is seen as HR-led process which tends to be time consuming and energy for little recognizable perks (Torrington, 2011). Moreover, if Performance management is utilized to give individual performance pay, then it increases the tension and worries. Also they might feel resentment and feel discriminated compared to the monetary benefits offered. This is higher at the times of austerity and low inflation. Performance management has its both positive and negative effects. If not managed properly can result in HR-administered, binary also annual verdict on very employee. But if managed properly can prove to be very helpful in improving employee performance and develop a cooperative environment and cultivate an erg for development among the employees as we ll as the management. There can be multiple agendas and purpose to have an effective performance management (Boswell, 2000). The purpose and characteristics needs to be clear for the articulation of the management literature. Though, it is easier to say it than doing it because it varies in so many ways. A simple figure of Performance Management cycle is explained in Figure 1 below. Figure1: Basic Performance Management Cycle (ref: The work foundation, 2014) According to Aguinis, Despite its importance, performance management is not living up to its promise in most organizations. A major reason for this is that most performance management systems focus almost exclusively on performance appraisal (Aguinis, 2011). There are various approach to performance Management has significantly reflected an important suggestion that Performance Management targets to go beyond the annual appraisal interviews that is there in the direct report of the managers. As specified above Performance Management is ideally successful if and only if organizational goals are synchronized with the individual objectives of the employees. Background of Heinz: The H. J. Heinz Company or Heinz is an American brand popular food processing company. They have their headquarters in Pittsburgh Pennsylvania (Heinz, 2016). It was founded in 1869 by Henry John Heinz. Heinz has been holding the 50% market share for Ketchup in US market. Heinz holds 150 No. 1 or No. 2 brands all over the world (cnbc, 2016). The Heinz group agreed on being purchased by Berkshire Hathaway and 3G capital for $23 billion (cnbc, 2016). Moreover, in 2015 an official announcement was made that Kraft will be merging with Heinz; it was all set up by Berkshire Hathaway and 3G capital. They completed the merger by July2, 2015 and this gave it another edge made it a market leader. Heinz Australia has its head quarters located in Melbourne. The most popular products of Heinz in Australia are: Canned beans in tomato Sauce, canned soup, condensed soup and ready to eat soup. Some of the products like ready to eat microwave bowl soups are not produced in Australia, in fact they are imported. How was Heinzs approach to performance management invalid in relation to Morettis job? Explain your answer in relation to significance of strategic performance management, appraisal and employee feedback in organizational context. Response: Performance management includes the evaluation of the company as a whole. It analyses the performance of the company in relation to the organizational goals and set objective. Most importantly the performance management a process in which the performance of an individual is continuously evaluated, identified and set measure is taken in order to align the performance of the employee with the organizational goals (Aguinis, 2010). Performance appraisal is sometimes mistaken as performance Management but performance appraisal is just a part of performance Management. If the overall performance Management or the annual review of the company is not satisfying then it doesnt mean that the performance of the individual employee is low. It is the percentage or the measure of the whole organization. This cant be an individual review. The performance Management includes following steps (Mabey, 1999): Objectives are set. Performance is measured Performance feedback On the bases of the performance outcome rewards are given/ or training if otherwise Amendments to the activities and objective. As per the situation in which Moretti a sales manager at Heinz Australia was dismiss on the bases on the performance management review (or the annual review). it was an invalid approach opted by the company because they were asking him to sign a personal performance management plan. Firstly the approach was invalid because this was not an individual performance review. Therefore the managements approach of asking him to sign such plan was not based on the performance only. Secondly, the management should have followed the proper methodology to make him understand that why they are asking him to sign such plan. The approach they should have opted would be that they should have given him his personal appraisal stating the exact need of such plan. Though, Moretti on regular bases asked the management to give him the details of the performance concern which the management didnt provide. This infused the fear of job insecurity in him (moretti) and he refused to sign any such plan. Now, what management should have opted for a performance management approach such as Goal-setting theory proposed by Edwin Locke. According to this theory, an individual set certain personal goal which play an important role in motivation them, if these goal are aligned with the organizational goals, then the maximum performance can be achieved. If goals are not achieved then they either opt for improving their performance or modifying their goals to make them more realistic and achievable. Thus, opting for this theory results in the achievement of the goals set by the performance management system (Salaman, 2005). Another approach could have been used by the management rather than forcing him (Moretti) to sign certain personal performance managed plan is Expectancy theory. This theory suggests that an individual is anticipated by the value of the goal set by them in the organization. This results in either improved performance if the goals are achieved or the modification of the employees behavior in order to achieve their set goals (Salaman, 2005). Thus if the Management in Heinz Australia could have implemented this approach, they might have avoid the employee dissatisfaction and the humiliation Moretti faced. Also they might have not face the legal battle they had with him. How was Heinzs approach towards employee performance management unreliable? Discuss your answer that relates employee performance management and its impact on strategic human resource management and organizational performances. Response: Performance management system needs to be fair for both employee and the employer. The purpose of the performance management system or the strategic performance management is to align the organizational goal with the individual goals to attain the management goals (Bevan, 1991). Now an effective performance management can prove to be beneficial for both the organization as well as the employees working in the organization. But the performance management system should be design in such a way that it creates a win-win situation for both the organization as well as employee. An effective performance Management can maximize the employees satisfaction level as their individual goals are aligned with the organizational goal. Also it helps in utilization As per Heinz employee performance management was unreliable in various ways. A performance management on a basic level is designed to achieve and analyze the performance of the company or an organization in alignment with the individual objectives. Now Moretti was asked to sign a personal performance management plan because his annual performance management review was low. But the management used it as a reason and portrayed it as his individual performance. It is very clear that a performance management system is the review of the organization as whole not an individual review. This gave Moretti a sense of insecurity and he expressed that management is using this to cut it off from the organization. The management certainly could have taken other actions as well. They could have opted for a personal performance appraisal without asking him to sign any document. They could have given him his personal appraisals and point out the areas where he was lacking. Moreover, before terminating him the ideal approach would have been to assess that if he needs some kind of training to help him improve his performance and achieve the goal set for him. But what the management at Heinz Australia did was asked him to sign up for a personal performance managed plan without telling him where he is lacking. Heinz being such a reputed company needs to have more refined and efficient performance management system aligned with its strategic management goal to achieve maximum profitability (Bevan, 1991). It will definitely reduce the financial cost as well. The problems arise from the mobility of the performance management system. If we listen to the views of Moretti, he asked the management to provide him the performance concern documents by the management. Which was not done and also this type of performance management strategy had never been implemented in past for any employee so this was definitely something which cant be accepted. Also it gave him an idea that management is doing all this to let him go from the company without giving any valid reason. It is not a ideal practice of performance management to assess an employee. An organization if acts like this spreads a sense of insecurity among the other employees as well. This could result in lack of employee retention. This definitely affects other employees as well and ultimately this would result in the lowered profitability of the organization. the management should always keep in mind the ultimate goal of every individual in an organization is to achieve the organizational goal as well as their personal growth. The management must not void Performance management theories for personal interest and grudges. Therefore, the performance management of Heinz was unreliable indeed. Identify the ways in which Heinzs employee performance management could be improved. As part of your answer, make sure you explain carefully how the company should implement your recommendations because so much of success in this area depends on the how of any strategy is implemented. Response: Every organization needs to have an effective Performance management system. This helps the organization to achieve its goals and perform well. But if is very important for an organization to achieve employee satisfaction (Hirsh, 2008). If the employees of an organization are not satisfied with the company or the management this would definitely affects the performance of the organization. As far as Heinz Australia is concern according to the case study we found that the management didnt pay much attention to the problem faced but the employee, in fact they used it to assess his personal performance on the bases of his annual review which was not personal appraisal but an appraisal of the company as whole (Torrington, 2011). This is not how ideally management handles such situation here are some suggestions for the company that they might have implemented to handle this situation: The management should have implemented a strategy of aligning organizational goals with the individual objectives. There should be a mutual agreement between the employer and the employee and they should be clear that what are the individual objects that an employee has work accordingly. An organization should provide an opportunity to the employee to identify their objectives and goals. Also develop their skills and competency for the optimum personal as well organizational growth. The performance management should implement an effective cycle in which the performance should be planned, goals should be set, and along with that support should be provided to the employee so that they could achieve what has been set out for them. And as proper review of the performance should be given to them so that they could improve the skill and become competent (Hirsh, 2008). It should be cleared to the employee that what is expected out of them and how they should perform. Motivating an employee play a vital role in improving their performance. A regular feedback should be provided to them, so that they can improve where they are lacking. Performance management system is continues process including series of discrete events and activities. It is an ongoing process which is required to improve the performance of the employee to maximize the organizational profitability (Bevan, 1991). In performance management the line manager is the key enabler. The manager should adopt a diverse supporting and facilitating roles to back up the employees. A manger should be able to locate the barrier and remove them that are becoming a hindrance in the achievement of the set goals. I couldnt emphasize more on the feedback. As continues feedback can reduce the time wastage as well as monetary factors. Performance management needs to be unbiased as well. If the personal grudges are kept in mind them this ultimately hinders the organizational goals. It is not possible to have an effective performance management if it is considered as just a system. It needs to be an integrated part of the management. So that it is effective enough of improve the performance of the employee and profit maximization. If the complex approaches to performance management can be very risky for an organization. It needs to be simplified. The simpler the approach better are the results. The object of the performance Management should define what of an objective rather than how. It is easier to explain what is expected from the employee and help can be provided to understand how of an objective (Hirsh, 2008). The management should follow the moral of encouraging people to take responsibility. They should reward the excellent performer and motivate the best. Also encourage the underperformer in a positive way so that they can also perform better. Encouragement can help in improving the performance of the employee. Positive motivation is very important and effective in improving the performance of an employee. The objects that are set for the employees should be revised regularly to remove the barriers and make it more achievable (Bevan, 1991). These recommendations can help the management to improve their Performance management system and can result in optimum utilization of resources be it human or others. Conclusion : To conclude it is correct to say that Heinzs performance management system lacks authenticity as well as it was more of a system rather than an integrated part of the management system. It is important for an organization to implement performance management system efficiently otherwise it can hamper their reputation, increase employee dissatisfaction and it would be difficult for them to retain their employees. If the performance management is aligned with the strategic management it can result in the achievement of the organizational goals along with the optimum utilization of the resources available. It helps in cutting cost and lesser wastage of time. It the employee knows that what is expected out of him/ her, then it becomes easier for them to perform as per expectations For Moretti, the way management handle his situation was not justified at any point. They should have opt for the right way of conducting a performance appraisal where he could be pin pointed that what his weakness are and how he could improve. Apparently, this was not the approach of the management, in fact they judged him on the bases of the annual review and forced him to sign up for a personal management plan, which was an incorrect way of handling the situation. Moreover when he resented the process they ultimately dismissed him from the company. 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